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Architecture Styles
The API Gateway Pattern
A single entry point for clients that handles routing, auth, rate limiting, and protocol translation across backend services.
An API Gateway sits between clients and backend services, acting as the system's front door. It handles cross-cutting concerns — authentication, authorisation, rate limiting, SSL termination, request logging, and protocol translation — so individual services do not have to. It can also aggregate responses from multiple services into a single client-friendly payload (Backend for Frontend pattern).
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Dependency Injection and IoC Containers
Invert control of dependency creation to keep classes decoupled from their collaborators and trivially testable.
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The Observer Pattern and Event-Driven Design
Decouple publishers from subscribers by letting objects register interest in events without the producer knowing who is listening.
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The Strategy Pattern: Encapsulating Algorithms
Define a family of algorithms, encapsulate each one, and make them interchangeable — open for extension, closed for modification.